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Keeping high-yield and stable production methods for laying hens in summer
Egg-laying hens are highly sensitive to high temperatures. When the temperature rises above 32°C, their egg production drops significantly. Prolonged heat stress can even lead to death. So, how can we reduce the impact of heat stress and ensure that chickens maintain high productivity and stable performance during summer? Here are some practical tips to help improve chicken farming efficiency in hot weather.
**Preparation Before Summer Begins**
1. Improve insulation: Enhance the thermal insulation of roofs and walls to minimize solar heat entering the house. Painting the roof and outer walls with white paint helps reflect sunlight and lower heat absorption. You can also cover the roof with insulating materials like straw or spray water on the roof when it's hot to keep things cooler.
2. Block direct sunlight: Install awnings outside windows or use black woven bags to block light from entering through the windows. This reduces indoor temperatures effectively.
3. Set up ventilation systems: Install exhaust fans, preferably with vertical ventilation and cooling curtains. Good airflow is essential for maintaining a comfortable environment for the hens.
**Heat Stress Prevention and Cooling Measures**
- Use fans to increase air circulation. Run them longer and more frequently to enhance air exchange between the inside and outside, which lowers the overall temperature.
- Water misting and wet curtains are effective cooling methods. Spray water at a certain wind speed to utilize evaporation for cooling. However, avoid spraying when the wind is weak, as it may increase humidity and make it harder for chickens to regulate body temperature. Wet curtains are the best option, as they can lower indoor temperatures by 5–6°C, sometimes even below outdoor temperatures.
- During peak heat hours (12 PM to 3 PM), spray cold water on the roof and surrounding areas to provide additional cooling.
- Provide shade: Install shade nets on the sunny side of the house to block direct sunlight from doors, windows, and air inlets. This cools the incoming air before it enters the building, reducing indoor temperatures by 2–3°C.
- Ensure clean, cool drinking water is always available. Use deep well water and keep it flowing to maintain freshness.
**Reduce Stocking Density**
Lowering the number of chickens per square meter helps reduce heat buildup inside the house, making the environment more comfortable for the hens.
**Maintain Hygiene and Health**
Regularly disinfect the chickens and the environment, especially during hot weather. Combine this with water-based cooling methods and perform disinfection 2–3 times a week. Keep the house clean, control flies, mosquitoes, and pests, and remove waste daily to maintain good air quality.
**Monitor Chicken Behavior**
Observe feed intake, water consumption, and droppings regularly. If any abnormalities occur, take immediate action. Remove sick chickens promptly to prevent disease spread and economic loss. Keep the house quiet and handle all activities—cleaning, feeding, watering, and manure removal—gently to avoid startling the flock.
**Adjust Feeding Strategies**
- Feed small amounts frequently throughout the day to encourage higher feed intake.
- Adjust feeding times to coincide with cooler periods, such as early morning (4–5 AM), mid-morning (10–11 AM), and evening (6–7 PM).
**Improve Diet Composition**
- Reduce energy feed and replace part of the corn with 1–2% fat. Fat helps lower dust levels and improves feed palatability, which can boost production performance.
- Add low-protein supplements with essential amino acids to reduce internal heat stress. Methionine (500–1000g/ton) and Lysine (250–500g/ton) can improve eggshell quality and reduce mortality.
- Maintain proper calcium and phosphorus levels. Since feed intake decreases in heat, supplement calcium in the afternoon to keep the diet at around 3% calcium content.
- Add anti-heat stress ingredients like sodium bicarbonate to improve eggshell quality and reduce the risk of thin-shelled eggs.
- Boost vitamin C intake by doubling the normal amount, as heat stress increases the need for this nutrient.
By implementing these strategies, you can help your laying hens stay healthy, productive, and comfortable even in the hottest months. Try these methods and see the difference they can make in your farm’s performance.